Climate Demand
It likes areas with high humidity and temperate climate. However, in cold regions, it can be grown between spring and autumn, when the cold starts, according to the regional conditions. In the Mediterranean, Aegean and Marmara (Bandırma and Gonen) regions with temperate climates, parsley can be grown all year round.
Soil Request
Parsley is not picky in terms of soil requirements. It can grow in all soils that are not heavy and rich in plant nutrients. However, it gives very good results in deep textured soils. Suitable values are between 5.0-8.0 pH values.
Upbringing
Parsley production is done by sowing the seeds directly into the field. Production is done either in a pan or in strips on a flat field, depending on the climate and seasonal characteristics of the region. In regions with dry summer seasons such as the Aegean and the Mediterranean, cultivation is done in pans, and in humid and rainy regions such as Marmara, it is done in strips on a flat field.
Soil Preparation, Planting and Planting
Field selection is very important in breeding. The field where parsley will be produced must be clean of single and perennial weeds. If possible, the field to be produced should be prepared for parsley production 1-2 years in advance. In parsley production, weed increases the cost and impairs the quality. In order to prevent this, the field is fertilized with 3-5 tons of farm manure per decare 1-2 months before the planting date and deeply plowed. It is thinned with Disk-Harrow and prepared for flat field planting or pan production. Pans are prepared in a hole of 10-15 cm from the flat field surface, with a width of 100-120 cm and optional length. In flat field production, there is no need for such preparation.
Parsley is one of the vegetables whose seeds germinate the hardest and the longest. Seed sowing is done with the calculation of 1-1.5 grams of seeds per m2 (1-1.5 kg of seeds per 1 decare area). In small enterprises, seed sowing, which is generally done by scattering several times by hand, is done in strips on the flat field in large enterprises and in rows with a seeder. Seed sowing depth is 1-1.5 cm. In commercial production areas, wheat seeders can be used for planting parsley.
Row spacing should be 35-40 cm in the field in productions for the market, 35-40 cm in the field in productions for seed production, and 60-70 cm in productions for seed production.
Care should be taken to ensure that the soil annealing is sufficient during seed planting. The most ideal seed sowing time is the first week of March in the Aegean region. Germination and emergence begin approximately 20-25 days after seed sowing.
In order for the seeds to germinate homogeneously, the irrigation process should be done very carefully during this period. After the plants are seen on the soil surface, maintenance works are started. Parsley is rarely produced with seedlings as well as celery in some regions.
Maintenance Work
The most important maintenance work to be done in parsley production is weed cleaning and irrigation. In order to prevent weed growth, hoeing between pans and backs of pans is done manually, in large enterprises with cultivators or hoeing machines. The parsley plant is very sensitive to the anchor in the early stages. For this reason, it is more practiced to remove grass by hand instead of hoeing. When plant growth is rapid, plants that close the soil surface allow weed growth.
Irrigation
In parsley production, irrigation is very important during the seed germination period. Sprinkler irrigation should be done during the first three weeks when germination occurs. When the plants have 2-3 leaves, it can be done in flood irrigation. Watering is done according to seasonal conditions, but parsley is sensitive to excessive water. If the water is too pooled, the plants turn yellow, and if the water stays in the field for a long time, they die.
Fertilization
Parsley is a plant that responds positively to fertilization. It is especially important that the burned farm manure given before planting does not carry foreign seeds. Basic fertilization is done with farm manure and in addition to this, 3-5 kg of pure nitrogen per decare should be applied in autumn after each form.
In a study, when 2 tons of green parsley were harvested per decare, the nutrients removed from the soil were determined as 3 kg N, 0.8 kg P2O5, 2.6 kg K2O, 3.2 kg Ca and 0.6 kg Mg, respectively. Care should be taken to fertilize according to the soil analysis report of the cultivated field. Nitrogen in the form of nitrate, which is given more than necessary in parsley production and just before harvesting, remains in the form of nitrite, creating great inconveniences for consumers.
My Agricultural War
There is no important disease or pest that is a problem in parsley production. However, earthworms (grayworms) can be harmful during the seed germination period. Their damage is eliminated by soil spraying.
The most important problem to be encountered in parsley production is weed problem. Weed control can be done mechanically as well as with herbicides. Pre-emergence applications give the best results in herbicide application. If this spraying is applied after the parsley plants emerge on the soil, it slows down the plant growth and causes damage to the wool. After exit, some selective drugs can be combated. In large-scale production, herbicide application should be preferred. With the use of a suitable herbicide, it is possible to produce parsley without any hoeing.
6. Maturity, harvest and storage
Plants reach harvest maturity 60-70 days after sowing, depending on the variety and season. During this period, the plants took 15-20 cm height. Harvesting is done in the early morning hours and by mowing the plants 1-2 cm above the soil.
The second cutting is done 20-25 days after the first. 6-7 forms are made per year. After each form, nitrogen fertilizer should be given and irrigation should be done. Harvested plants are immediately bunched in the field.
After the bundles are soaked in clean water for 1 hour, they are covered with a damp cloth in damp crates or baskets and shipped to the nearest market. Parsley bunches can be stored for 3-4 weeks at -1 and 0°C and 90-95% humidity.
Yield
Yield in parsley is usually determined as bunches. In a year’s production, a total of 80-100 bunches of parsley can be obtained from m2 and 70-90 thousand bunches of parsley per decare. Considering the difference in the thickness of the bunch according to the season, the yield of 2-4 tons/da is the ideal yield average. In parsley, the yield increases from the first form to the third form, but decreases in later forms.
Even if parsley keeps its place for 2-3 years, its lifespan is 1 or 2 years.